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Past Perfect Tense

Posted in gramatica engleza, limba engleza, timpurile verbelor in engleza, verbul in engleza | April 15th, 2012

Past Perfect Tense (Trecutul perfect in engleza) se formeaza astfel:

subiect + verbul auxiliar “a avea” (have) la trecut + verbul de conjugat la trecut

I had won

you had won

he/she/it had won

we had won

you had won

they had won

Forma negativa: I had not won (forma contractata: I hadn’t won)

Forma interogativa: Had I won? Had I not won? (Hadn’t I won?)

 

Acest timp se foloseste in urmatoarele situatii in engleza:

  • pentru o actiune din trecut care a avut loc inaintea altei actiuni din trecut:

He came by, but I had already left. (El a trecut pe la mine, dar eu plecasem deja.)

She still visited him, although they had split up. (Ea inca il mai vizita, desi se despartisera.)

  • in discursul raportat, dupa verbe ca si told (a spus), asked (a intrebat), said (a zis), wanted (a vrut), wondered (s-a intrebat), explained (a explicat)
He asked us whether we had gone to the beach. (El ne-a intrebat daca fusesm la plaja.)
 
I wondered if anything he had said was true. (M-am intrebat daca era ceva adevarat din ceea ce imi spusese.)
  • pentru a arata regretul fata de trecut:

I wish I had brought you with me. (Trebuia/Imi doresc sa te fi adus cu mine.)

I wish we had followed his advice. (Imi doresc sa fi urmat sfatul lui.)

  • conditii neimplinite din trecut ( al treilea tip de propozitii conditionale):

If I had knew, none of this would have happened. (Daca as fi stiut, nimic din toate astea nu s-ar fi intamplat.)

If she hadn’t complained so much, we would have stayed longer. (Daca ea nu s-ar fi plans atat, am fi ramas mai mult.)

  • cu conjuctii de tipul “no sooner … than” sau “hardly/barely … when“:
No soon had we turned our heads, than the boy just disappeared. (D-abia ne-am intors capul, ca baiatul si disparuse.)
 
Hardly had he dressed when they came to take him away. (Tocmai ce se imbracase ca ei au venit sa-l ia.)
 
  • o stare care a inceput in trecut si a continuat pana la un anumit punct in trecut:
Sarah had polished the floor for an hour before it shined. (Sarah frecase podeaua o ora pana sa straluceasca.)
 
The family had lived in the city for twenty years before they moved to the country. (Familia locuise douazeci de ani la oras inainte sa se mute la tara.)
 

 

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